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Landslide slopes engineering protection
Today there are several classifications of engineering protection active methods against landslides. In particular, they include: 1) changing the terrain, changing channels, drainage, redistribution and strengthening of soil; 2) regulatory structures construction; and 3) protective structures construction.
1) Hydraulic works baskets or gabions are an aesthetically pleasing solution, but have serious limitations. Mesh structures have a height limit of no more than 12 meters. Another disadvantage is the multi-stage installation, which requires compliance with a certain sequence and rules.
2) Retaining walls are made of reinforced concrete that is a material that is considered high-strength and reliable by default. However, in the case of anti-landslide structures, these qualities shall be questionable.
3) Gunite or shotcrete coating has a low bearing capacity. Despite the flexible base of the reinforcing mesh, the structure itself is rigid. Under certain loads, the shotcrete begins to crack.
4) Strengthening landslide slopes with anchors is also a combined method in fact. Anchors are pointwise distributed over the site, but this may not be enough to create reliable protection against landslides.
5) Geogrid concreting – this method of creating anti-landslide protection can also be classified as combined, since a polymer geogrid is used for vesicular concreting. It is laid on a landslide slope and fixed on it with driven anchors. After that, the geogrid cells are filled with concrete mortar.
6) Concrete sheet – sections of concrete sheet are placed on a slope to which they can be attached in various ways. The segments are connected by screws to each other. After that, they are wetted with water and after a day they turn into a durable concrete coating.
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